Sant'Onofrio

About

Sant'Onofrio al Gianicolo - lat. Onuphrius Ianiculi - is a titular church in Trastevere, Rome. It is the official church of the papal order of knighthood Order of the Holy Sepulchre. A side chapel is dedicated to the Order and a former grand master, Nicola Canali is entombed there. It is located on the Janiculum. Since 1946, the church has been under the care of the American congregation of the Franciscan Friars of the Atonement.

The monastery was built around 1439 on the site of a hermitage founded two decades earlier by Nicola da Forca Palena and is dedicated is to St Onuphrius, a 4th century Egyptian hermit. The attached cloister was added in the mid-15th century.

The "Salita di Sant'Onofrio", a rather steep driveway to the monastery, was used as a location for the 1958 film Big Deal on Madonna Street.

Behind the Renaissance portico are three lunettes by Domenichino, painted in 1605, commemorating the hermits who lived here and depicting scenes from the life of St Jerome. The fountain in the center of the churchyard was assembled from salvage partly from the destroyed Piazza Giudia’s fountain. When the latter was re-created as the Fontana di Piazza della Cinque Scole, the one at the monastery was given modern bits to replace those taken back. The original tomb slab of the founder, Blessed Nicholas of Forca Palena, is on the wall to the right of the church entrance.

The church has a single cross-vaulted nave with five chapels. The church also contains an altarpiece, The Madonna of Loreto by Agostino Carracci, (his only work in a church in Rome) and frescoes in the apse of Scenes from the Life of Mary, attributed to Baldassare Peruzzi.

Next to the main altar is a Monument to Giovanni Sacco attributed to the school of Andrea Bregno with frescoes of St. Anne Teaching the Virgin to Read by a painter of the Umbrian school.

- The first chapel to the right has an Annunciation by Antoniazzo Romano and an Eternal Father attributed to Baldassarre Peruzzi.

- The second chapel has frescoes and stuccoes (1605) by Giovanni Battista Ricci with an altarpiece of the Madonna di Loreto by pupils of Annibale Carracci.

- In the first chapel to the left, is a monument to Torquato Tasso (1857) by Giuseppe De Fabris.

- In the third chapel on the left, is a monument of the Cardinal-Priest Filippo Sega with a portrait by Domenichino. The sacristy ceiling has frescoes by Girolamo Pesci, while the walls have a Peter of Pisa by Francesco Trevisani. The cloister, which is perhaps the oldest part of the complex, has frescoes by the Cavaliere d'Arpino (Giuseppe Cesari) and others depicting scenes from the life of Saint Onuphrius.

- Giovanni di Lorena (7 January 1519 - 10 May 1550 deceased)

- Innocenzo Ciocchi del Monte (1 September 1550 - 4 May 1562 appointed cardinal deacon of San Callisto)

- Ludovico Madruzzo (4 May 1562 - 1 October 1586 appointed cardinal presbyter of Sant'Anastasia)

- Philippe de Lenoncourt (15 January 1588 - 13 December 1592 died)

- Filippo Sega (5 December 1594 - 29 May 1596 died)

- Flaminio Piatti (10 June 1596 - 24 April 1600 appointed cardinal presbyter of Santa Maria della Pace)

- Domenico Toschi (25 July 1604 - 5 May 1610 appointed cardinal presbyter of San Pietro in Montorio)

- Maffeo Barberini (5 May 1610 - 6 August 1623, elected pope with the name of Urban VIII)

- Francesco Barberini, deaconry pro hac vice (20 November 1623 - 13 November 1624 appointed Cardinal Deacon of Sant'Agata dei Goti alla Suburra)

- Antonio Barberini, O.F.M.Cap. (13 November 1624 - 7 September 1637 appointed Cardinal Priest of San Pietro in Vincoli)