Saints Cosmas and Damian church, Shmankivtsi (Greek Catholic)

About

It is located on the right bank of the river Nichlavka (right tributary of the Nichlava, Dniester basin), 12 km (7.5 mi) from the district center and 2 km (1.2 mi) from the nearest railway station Shmankivchyky. Its geographic coordinates are 48° 59' north latitude and 25° 55' east longitude. The average height above sea level is 280 m (920 ft). The territory is 2.27 km 2 (0.88 sq mi), and contains 268 households.

Nearby is the Samets stream, which flows into the Nichlava, and the northern border of the village is touched by the Stavky stream (the right tributary of the Nichlava).

Leading specialist in Ukrainian onomastics, Doctor of Philology, Professor of Lviv University Mykhailo Khudash in his monograph "Origin of Ukrainian Carpathian and Carpathian names of settlements (anthroponymic formations)" noted that the original meaning was Shmaikivtsi, meaning 'family or subjects Shmaika'. That is, the original name of the village was Shmaikivtsi, which later grew into Shmankivka due to the pronunciation of the letter y changing to n. A direct analogue of this is the Ukrainian equivalent of the name Shmaiko.

Mykola Krykun [ uk ] gives the following variants of the names of the village Shmankivtsi, recorded in chronological order in the relevant sources:

- Szmankowce, s. – Kamyanets Zemstvo Book 1617, 1642;

- Szmankowce, s. – Lifting register 1629, 1650 1661, 1667;

- Szmankowce, s. – General Register 1662;

- Szmankowce, s. – Commissioner's Register 1678;

Antiquities of the Trypillia culture (4000 – 3000 BC), the Noah culture (14th – 11th centuries BC), the Holigrady culture (11th – 7th centuries BC), Chernyakhov culture (2nd – 5th centuries AD) and the Luka-Raikovetska culture (7th – 10th centuries AD), settlements and an ancient burial ground were found in the village. The medieval period is associated with the discovery of various bronze and silver jewellery, including rings, beads, necklaces, and tiara plaques, dating from the 16th–17th centuries.

In a multi-volume edition of records which were in the archives of the Bernardine monastery in Lviv, is the first known mention of the village Shmankivtsi. According to the act of 16 July 1449, which was registered in Terebovlia, Zimgund Kerdei received the above-mentioned village.

In 1469 there was a revision of the deeds of possession of property in Kievan Rus'.

According to the 1563–1564 tax register, an Orthodox church owned by Lanckoroński was recorded in Shmankivtsi.

On 29 September 1485, the Polish King and Grand Duke of Lithuania Casimir IV Jagiellon issued a deed confirming the sale by Jan Freder of Pleszewicz to the Buczacki brothers of half the village of Shmankivtsi in Skal County on the Sarnek River for 200 hryvnias and two horses worth 50 hryvnias; the settlement was acquired by the Buczacki brother magnates of the coat of arms of Abdank.

In 1609, the Rus' voivode Stanisław Golski gave Marcin Makowiecki a folwark in Shmankivtsi, the smaller halves that Makowiecki occupied under the right of life [ clarification needed ] from Mikołaj Buczacki.

On 22 February 1610, the Rus' voivode and bar elder Stanisław Golski, having invited the Dominican monks of Shmankivtsi, founded a Dominican monastery with a church called the Blessed Virgin Mary and St. Stanislaus in Chortkiv. The monastery was allocated a large part of the village of Shmankivtsi with rates: [ clarification needed ] the first, Mlynsky; the second, at the Court; the third, Stone; the fourth, Maciejewski; and the fifth, Demianovskyi. Stanislaw Liantskoronski [ uk ; pl ] from Brzez and Jan and Mykola Potocki from Potok also gave the monastery their units in this village. On 3 February 1622, the Dominicans received another piece of Shmankivtsi land as a gift from Jan and Mykola Potocki.

In 1623, Zofia of Brzez, wife of Mykola Churyl [ uk ] of Goraj, sister and heiress of the Podolsk voivode Stanislaw Liantskoronski, ceded her ancestral estates to the village of Shmankivtsi, smaller and larger, and Shvaikivtsi to Paweł Kełpiński and his heirs.

On 6 February 1624, a battle took place near Shmankivtsi between the Polish army under the command of Stanislaw Koniecpolski and the Tatar horde.

On 26 November 1624, Dominican monks from Chortkiv, together with Paweł Kełpiński, a neighbor of the village of Shmankivtsi, decided to build a castle here to defend against the Tatars, which in the next century was dismantled and the material was used to build walls around the church, monastery and garden in Chortkiv. In 1624, all the treasures from the Shmankivtsi monastery were transferred to Chortkiv.

In 1627, Paweł Kełpiński ceded his estates to the Łuków hunter Marcin Makowiecki. In 1644, Gabriel Kełpiński, son of Marcin, ceded his estates to Shmankivtsi, located in Kamianets County, Podil Voivodeship, which he inherited after the death of his brother Paul in its entirety and with all benefits, in favor of Krzysztof Kełpiński and his legal heirs; all processes on his part were released and the act of donation was confirmed by an oath. In 1653, Wacław Kełpiński, son of Stanisław and brother of Jan Kełpiński, his estates in the village of Shmankivtsi and other immovable and movable property, which he inherited from his father and mother and from his brother, were ceded to his cousins Adam and Felicjan Kełpiński. Claims for those estates were waived and the deed of gift was confirmed by an oath. In 1661, Adam, son of Gabriel Kełpiński, deeded his estates Shmankivtsi and Shmankivchyky, which remained after the death of his father Paweł Kełpiński, to Gabriel Silnitsky [[[:uk: Ґабріель Сільніцький |uk]]; pl ] in Silnitsy, Lviv hunter and company commander.

On 26 July 1671, Ulrich von Werdum called the village Chernihiv; while here with a military convoy, he noted in his diary that "this village had a castle, which a few days ago, after a long defense, the Tatars stormed and killed all the people, not sparing women and children. The people of Verdum saw the bodies of the slain who had not yet been buried."