Saint Anne's Park

About

Saint Anne's Park (Irish: Páirc Naomh Áine) is a 240-acre (97 ha) public park situated between Raheny and Clontarf, suburbs on the northside of Dublin, Ireland. It is owned and managed by Dublin City Council. The park, the second largest municipal park in Dublin, is formed from part of a former 202 hectares (500 acres) estate assembled by members of the Guinness family, descendants of Sir Arthur Guinness, founder of the famous brewery, beginning with Benjamin Lee Guinness in 1835 (the largest municipal park is nearby (North) Bull Island, also shared between Clontarf and Raheny). In 1837, they built St Anne's House, a large Italianate-style residence. The house and park were purchased by Dublin Corporation (now Dublin City Council) in 1939. Part of the land was developed for housing. The park is bisected by the small Naniken River and features an artificial pond and a number of follies, a rose garden, a Chinese garden, a fine collection of trees with walks, including Dublin municipal arboretum, a playground, cafe, and recreational facilities including extensive Gaelic sport and soccer playing fields, tennis courts and a par-3 golf course. There is also a dedicated dog park.

In 1747, John Vernon of Clontarf Castle leased 29 Irish acres of land at Blackbush to a Paul Hale and his brothers for 99 years, and in 1796, Margaret Holmes, only child of Paul Hale, assigned Blackbush to her son John Holmes. In 1814, 'Thornhill House' was built on the Blackbush lands by Sergeant John Ball. As of 1829, Hugh and Fleming O'Reilly were living in Thornhill. [ citation needed ]

1835, Arthur Lee Guinness and Benjamin Lee Guinness bought, for £500, the lease of Thornhill from the O'Reilly family and the trustees of the Holmes family, and negotiated a new lease with John Vernon; they immediately moved into Thornhill House. Further lands were purchased over time by the Guinness family to build up an extensive property. In 1837, Elizabeth and Benjamin Lee Guinness commissioned St Anne's House, a large Italianate-style residence known locally as "The Mansion", and it was modified over several generations. The Italianate influence included references in the garden follies to ancient Roman sites as well as the import of actual antiquities.

The new estate was named after the Holy Well of the same name, albeit with a slightly different spelling.

In 1868 Elizabeth and Benjamin's son, Sir Arthur Edward Guinness, Lord Ardilaun, inherited the estate and also purchased an adjacent property, Manresa House. He was the person most responsible for expanding and developing the estate and gardens and planted wind-breaking evergreen oak trees ( Quercus ilex ) and pines along the main avenue and estate boundaries, where they remain. Lady Ardilaun, originally of Bantry House, County Cork, developed the gardens based on her interest in French chateau gardens, but also with eclectic influences of the Victorian era and the horticultural expertise of her Scottish gardener. Lord Ardilaun was also prominent in the Royal Horticultural Society.

Lord and Lady Ardilaun had no children and the estate passed to their nephew Bishop Benjamin Plunket in the 1920s.

In 1937, Bishop Plunket decided he could no longer maintain such a large estate and negotiations with Dublin Corporation resulted in the house and 444.75 acres (1.80 km 2 ) of the estate being sold to the corporation for approximately £ 55,000 in 1939. Bishop Plunkett retained Sybil Hill as a private residence with 30 acres (120,000 m 2 ) of parkland, and it was later sold to the later became the site of St Paul's College, Raheny. In 1952 St. Paul's College acquired an additional 14 acres of Corporation lands, behind their school, to use as school playing fields.

During the Second World War, Dublin Corporation encouraged local residents to grow vegetables in allotment gardens within the estate.

In December 1943, the main residence of St Anne's was gutted by a fire while being used as a store by the Local Defence Force ; the ruins were demolished in 1968. In the meantime, just over 200 acres (80.9 ha) of the estate were developed for public housing with the central and most attractive portion comprising about 240 acres (97 ha) retained as parkland and playing fields.

In 2023 a plaque was unveiled by Dublin City Council at the site of the former home of Seosamh Mac Grianna.

In 1747, John Vernon of Clontarf Castle leased 29 Irish acres of land at Blackbush to a Paul Hale and his brothers for 99 years, and in 1796, Margaret Holmes, only child of Paul Hale, assigned Blackbush to her son John Holmes. In 1814, 'Thornhill House' was built on the Blackbush lands by Sergeant John Ball. As of 1829, Hugh and Fleming O'Reilly were living in Thornhill. [ citation needed ]

1835, Arthur Lee Guinness and Benjamin Lee Guinness bought, for £500, the lease of Thornhill from the O'Reilly family and the trustees of the Holmes family, and negotiated a new lease with John Vernon; they immediately moved into Thornhill House. Further lands were purchased over time by the Guinness family to build up an extensive property. In 1837, Elizabeth and Benjamin Lee Guinness commissioned St Anne's House, a large Italianate-style residence known locally as "The Mansion", and it was modified over several generations. The Italianate influence included references in the garden follies to ancient Roman sites as well as the import of actual antiquities.

The new estate was named after the Holy Well of the same name, albeit with a slightly different spelling.

In 1868 Elizabeth and Benjamin's son, Sir Arthur Edward Guinness, Lord Ardilaun, inherited the estate and also purchased an adjacent property, Manresa House. He was the person most responsible for expanding and developing the estate and gardens and planted wind-breaking evergreen oak trees ( Quercus ilex ) and pines along the main avenue and estate boundaries, where they remain. Lady Ardilaun, originally of Bantry House, County Cork, developed the gardens based on her interest in French chateau gardens, but also with eclectic influences of the Victorian era and the horticultural expertise of her Scottish gardener. Lord Ardilaun was also prominent in the Royal Horticultural Society.

Lord and Lady Ardilaun had no children and the estate passed to their nephew Bishop Benjamin Plunket in the 1920s.

In 1937, Bishop Plunket decided he could no longer maintain such a large estate and negotiations with Dublin Corporation resulted in the house and 444.75 acres (1.80 km 2 ) of the estate being sold to the corporation for approximately £ 55,000 in 1939. Bishop Plunkett retained Sybil Hill as a private residence with 30 acres (120,000 m 2 ) of parkland, and it was later sold to the later became the site of St Paul's College, Raheny. In 1952 St. Paul's College acquired an additional 14 acres of Corporation lands, behind their school, to use as school playing fields.

During the Second World War, Dublin Corporation encouraged local residents to grow vegetables in allotment gardens within the estate.

In December 1943, the main residence of St Anne's was gutted by a fire while being used as a store by the Local Defence Force ; the ruins were demolished in 1968. In the meantime, just over 200 acres (80.9 ha) of the estate were developed for public housing with the central and most attractive portion comprising about 240 acres (97 ha) retained as parkland and playing fields.

In 2023 a plaque was unveiled by Dublin City Council at the site of the former home of Seosamh Mac Grianna.

The park has a number of features. It is crossed by the small Naniken River, and a diversion from this, in turn, supplies the artificial Duck Pond. The Guinness family added a number of follies, a walled garden, and a grand avenue to the mansion house. Since the 1950s, extensive walks, a recognised Rose Garden and newer miniature rose garden, and Dublin's city arboretum, the Millennium Arboretum, which was formed with 1,000 varieties of tree, have been added.